Cannabis 101
What is Cannabis?
Cannabis (a.k.a marijuana, pot, or weed) – is a flowering plant that produces psychoactive affects when smoked or eaten and is used for medicinal and recreational purposes. Cannabis is highly regarded for its ability to boost mood, increase appetite, calm and relax nerves, and to manage pain.
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Cannabis 101
When cannabis is smoked, the onset of the high sets in within minutes and typically lasts about 30-60 minutes. However, when you ingest cannabis (i.e. use edibles), the onset of effects can take anywhere from 45 minutes to 2 hours depending on the individual.
When cannabis is smoked, it travels from your lungs directly to the heart. From there, it directly hits cannabis receptors (specifically CB1 receptors) in the brain to create an instant high.
When we consume edibles, the active compounds in cannabis are metabolized by the stomach and liver, creating a stronger and longer lasting high.
Cannabis and Hemp. What's the difference?
When we refer to cannabis, we’re describing a Cannabis plant that is bred for its high levels of resin and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content… We use the term hemp to refer to a Cannabis plant that has little to no amounts of THC (less than 0.3%) that does not produce a mental or psychoactive high, making it a legal substance to buy and sell.
What does Cannabis look like?
What is in Cannabis?
So, what exactly is in cannabis that gives us these amazing benefits? Cannabis is comprised of many different compounds called cannabinoids and terpenes—one plant alone has over 100 strains of cannabinoids and terpenes.
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
THC is the active cannabinoid found in cannabis, and the one credited to supplying the psychoactive high and feelings of euphoria. THC is usually the most abundant compound in most cannabis plants, with the majority of people seeking out strains that contain high levels of THC.
Cannabidiol (CBD)
CBD is responsible for relaxation and pain relief, and has been proven to be extremely effective at combating seizures, psychotic episodes, and anxiety…. Breeders have even started cultivating strains of marijuana that are high in CBD and low in THC due to the medicinal benefits of this compound.
Cannabigerol (CBG)
Though considered a “minor” cannabinoid, both CBD and THC start out as CBG. In other words, without CBG, there would be no THC or CBD. Additionally, CBG has been found to have a positive influence over specific health issues such as glaucoma, inflammatory bowel disease, Huntington’s disease, and colorectal cancer.
Cannabichromene (CBC)
CBC is another cannabinoid with the same origins of CBD and THC. However, this plant enzyme directs and breakdowns CBD and THC. CBC also differs from the other cannabinoids because it doesn’t really bind to CB1 receptors in the brain—it binds to pain receptors throughout the entire body.
Terpenes
Terpenes are what gives cannabis its distinctive taste and smell. There is a lot of concentration variation between strains (there are over 180 strain types). The most common include:
- Myrcene, found in hops
- Limonene, found in citrus
- Caryophyllene, found in cloves
- Pinene, found in pine trees
- Humulene, found in sage and ginseng
The Entourage Effect
There is a theory, and promising evidence, that suggests there may be a synergistic effect (an increased benefit) in using CBD, THC, CBC, and CBG together, compared to consuming THC alone. This theory, referred to as the Entourage Effect, proposes consuming cannabis strains comprised of these compounds as a “whole plant medicine”. Just like with our food, consuming whole foods that are diverse in nutrients are more beneficial than refined and processed foods.
Types of Cannabis
Cannabis is broken down into four different classes, and all strains offer their own unique benefit profile.
Sativa
Sativas are tall, and posses long leaves and stalks, and are typically a lighter shade of green than other strains. They are noted for producing an uplifting and active mental and physical high that is more conducive for daytime use.
Indica
Indicas are shorter… Indicas are also typically darker and stockier than Sativa plants—looking more bush-like than a tree. Indica’s are typically darker green and purple shades which physically distinguishes them from other strains. They are noted for creating very deep sedative and physical high and is ideal for nighttime use.
Hybrid
Hybrids are the newest class of cannabis which were created and bred taking other strains and crossing them to get new strains that have specific traits that breeders want to bring out. The ruderalis plants, for example, were bred with Indicas and Sativas to produce auto-flowering cannabis plants also high in cannabinoids. Today, breeders continue to create phenotypes that can boast the best flavor, pest resistance, color and yield.
Ruderalis
The least-known strain of cannabis, ruderalis is a small fibrous plant that contains little amounts of cannabinoids concentrations. This class was discovered in Siberia and has a different flowering process from other strains. The flowering stage is triggered by maturity levels as opposed to light cycle changes like the other classes do. This type of cannabis is utilized to help breeders formulate hybrid strains.
Concentrates
Cannabis extracts are concentrates of the plant’s chemical compound like CBD and THC—are commonly referred to as hash, oil, crumble, keif, shatter, and wax. Concentrates are derived through an extraction process and they are used for vaporizing and dabbing and are very popular among cannabis connoisseurs. Concentrates deliver a stronger hit and like with edibles, it is best to start slow because it is much more potent than flower. Concentrates are to flower as hard liquor is to beer.
Methods
The second-most important thing to consider when it comes to cannabis consumption is the delivery method. The mental and physical benefits of consuming cannabis are affected by which method you decide to go with as each comes with their own effects, offering a unique experience. The three most popular delivery methods include inhalation, oral and topical—with inhalation being the most popular.
There are two primary ways of inhalation methods: smoking and vaporization. While the side effects and health concerns associated with smoking are still largely debated, health professionals are in agreement that smoke-free methods are less risky and preferred among the medical community. With that being said, cannabis smokers have a wide range of options to choose from including rolling papers, hand pipes, water pipes, hookah, and vaporization. All of these smoking methods influence the grade of the smoke that is inhaled.
- Rolling Papers
- Used to smoke blunts or joints. Joint paper is typically composed of hemp, bamboo, or rice. Blunt papers are made from cigar papers that are usually composed of tobacco (be advised, most blunts will contain some nicotine). Individuals that prefer blunts tend to enjoy the flavor and effects of the combined nicotine and cannabis. However, there are medical risks linked to nicotine that users should be aware of.
- Hand pipes
- The most common device cannabis due to their ease of use, size and portability. Hand pipes are also more cost effective than smoking joints or blunts because they aren’t constantly burning and wasting unsmoked product.
- Water Pipes
- Bongs and bubblers come in a variety of designs and styles like hand pipes, though they are a bit more sophisticated. Water pipes, incorporate water to increase health and potency benefits. Using water to cool the smoke before inhaling, makes for a smoother and larger hit, than hand pipes. It’s also thought that the water helps to filter out harmful constituents.
- Dabbing
- Though technically a form of vaporization, dabbing is a bit different from standard vaping…. Dabbing results in an immediate and very strong high—much stronger than normal inhalation or vaporization methods. Wax, shatter, crumble, ear wax, and any hash or resin, can be consumed in this manner.
- Vaporization
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- Vaporizers are a perfect option for health-conscious cannabis consumers. Vaporizers slowly heat the cannabis at temperatures just warm enough to extract the THC and CBD, though low enough to keep harmful toxins from being released. Basically, vaporizers minimize health risks that are associated with smoking—plus they have the added benefit of eliminated odor and smoke that comes with traditional smoking. Some vaporizers take concentrates like oil or wax, which come in pre-filled cartridges or ones that can be filled manually.
These methods include any way cannabis is administered via the mouth, including food, drink, oil, and tinctures. As with inhalation methods, oral delivery methods will vary in onset time, potency, and duration from one another, so it is important you are aware of these differences to make an informed decision.
- Edibles
- Eating cannabis has a longer onset time and creates a very strong full-body high and psychoactive effects. Drinking cannabis does have a slower onset time compared to eating it, and many people report that it produces a stronger high as well. This could be because more of the cannabis is getting absorbed directly into the bloodstream (think alcohol) and less is getting processed through the digestive tract.
- Ingestible Oils
- Considered a happy medium between concentrates and edibles— ingestible oils can be swallowed and digested, placed under the tongue, or put into capsules. It is important to note that ingestible oils can NOT be used in vaporizers or be smoked, but they can be used topically.
- Tinctures
- Cannabis liquid extracts that are a great option for those looking for more control over their fast-acting doses that don’t carry the risks commonly associated with smoking. The tincture is dropped underneath the tongue and held for 30 seconds or more where it gets absorbed into the body via the mucous membranes in the mouth. Keep in mind that ingesting tinctures instead of placing them under your tongue will affect dosing accuracy.
Topical delivery methods include lotions and salves that use full cannabis extracts that can be absorbed through the skin to provide pain relief for sore joints and muscles, achy feet, nerve pain, and muscle spasms. Topical applications do not produce psychoactive effects and will not have any influence over moods or mental states, which makes it perfect to use at any time.
Tolerance
Knowing your tolerance to cannabis as a new or experienced user is essential for your safety. Please speak to a trained and knowledge professional before purchasing any products to help determine the proper dosage so get the most out of your experience.
DISCLAIMER:
These are general guidelines and you should always consult with a professional before using and determining the potency of the product right for you.
Effects vary from person to person.
Cannabis strains and potency levels effect users differently and others more intensely. It’s best to start off slow and wait 2 hours to make more if the desired effect isn’t reached. Most novice and beginner users must be careful with Edibles. Start slow; 1 – 10mg for novice users and beginners; 10mg – 50mg for experienced or intermediate users; and 50mg+ for advanced or frequent users.
Things to Know
DISCLAIMER:
These are general guidelines and you should always consult with a professional before using and determining the potency of the product right for you.
Effects can last 2-8 hours, depending on the amount consumed, how it was consumed, and the type of cannabis.
Onset time varies from person to person, but can take anywhere from 30 minutes to over 2 hours. This is why it is important to start slow with edibles—begin with a single serving and wait to see how it will affect you.
It is advised to consume marijuana in a private setting, like home or a hotel room.
It is against the law to drive or operate a vehicle while under the influence of marijuana, and it is strongly advised to refrain from operating any equipment while under the influence of marijuana.
It is advised to refrain from mixing cannabis with alcohol or other controlled substances.
Store all cannabis products in a secure location away from children, pets, and anyone under 21.
Colorado Laws
Be Mindful When Using
In the State of Colorado, medical and recreational cannabis use is legal, however be mindful of your neighbors and others who are visiting or living with you. For your safety and the safety of others, educate yourself about the laws governing cannabis consumption.
Colorado residents and non-residents are limited to purchasing.
- 1 oz flower;
- 8 grams concentrates;
or - 800 mg edibles.
In Colorado, you are required to present a valid ID to purchase retail cannabis.
Valid IDs we can accept:
- State Issued Driver’s License
- Passport Book
- Passport Card
- Active Military valid ID (with picture and birthdate)
- Colorado Native-American Tribe Card
- Colorado Temporary Driver’s License paperwork with voided Driver’s License
It is very important to keep all cannabis products sealed and unused when you drive with marijuana in the car. In fact, it is against the law to use and have any cannabis products that have been previously opened in the car, and that extends to both the driver and passengers.
Consuming cannabis in any form is not allowed in public spaces.
Cannabis is still federally an illegal substance, so if you purchase marijuana from a licensed dispensary, you must consume it within the State of Colorado.
